Artificial intelligence in public accounting: transformation and innovation in the accounting profession

Abstract

This study examines how Artificial Intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing public accounting by optimizing accuracy and efficiency in processing financial information. AI not only automates routine tasks but also enables deep data analysis, identifying patterns, predicting trends, and enhancing irregularity detection. The objective is to explore the impact of AI on the transformation and innovation of the public accounting profession. The methodology is qualitative and descriptive, based on a systematic review of scientific literature published between 2020 and 2024 in databases like Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Inclusion criteria involved studies published in English or Spanish within the defined period, focusing on AI in accounting, auditing, and required professional skills. Exclusion criteria ruled out works without clear methodologies or unrelated to AI in accounting. The findings reveal that AI facilitates process automation, enabling accountants to focus on strategic roles. It provides advanced tools for analyzing large data volumes, essential for comprehensive and detailed audits, reduces human errors, and enhances transparency in financial information management. However, integrating AI also presents significant challenges, such as the need for continuous technological skills updates and addressing ethical concerns in data usage. AI represents both an opportunity and a challenge for public accounting, demanding innovation and adaptability from its professionals. The study suggests that to fully harness AI’s benefits, public accountants must develop technological and ethical competencies. This will enable a comprehensive transformation of the profession, ensuring not only operational efficiency but also integrity in an increasingly digitalized and automated environment.